動詞片語have to, have got to 與must 是一樣的,他們具有兩種意思,一種是必須,另一是用於主觀肯定的推論。
為什麼要有got 在have to 裡面呢?have got to 裡面的got 其實沒什麼特別意思,也沒什麼特別目的,它只是一個have to 的慣用語,沒必要特別去鑽研為什麼多了got,只要把它記住就好了。
雖然have to, have got to 及must 意思一樣,但要注意用在問句或否定句時,他們的格式會有些不同。
陳述句
You have to come down. = You have
got to come down. =You’ve got to come down.
問句
Do you have
to come down? =Have you got to come down?
否定句
You don’t have to come down. =You haven’t
got to come down.
注意,在口語的使用上是句子越短越常被使用,以上面的例子來說,越右邊的句子越常用。而用於“必須”的意思時,have to及have got to 會比must 普遍。
have to, have got to 及must 的另一個用法是用於主觀肯定的推論,意思是或許基於事實,或許基於你的認知,你推斷出一個結果。以例句來說會清楚些:
Janice, you have been working for 12 hours
without a break. You have to
be tired.(Janice並沒有說她很累,但說話者根據她連續工作了12小時而認為Janice一定很累了。)
I would never take that book out of this
room. It’s got to be here
somewhere.(說話的人認為他並沒有拿本書,所以書應該在房間內;其實除非他在房間找到書了,否則這樣的推論並非百分之百正確。)
注意,和第一種用法不同,have to,
have got to 及must 用於這種用法時,must 會比have to, have got to 較常見,除非想要特別強調。例如:
Mark has to be the biggest idiot in
the entire world.
Where is Lydia? She’s got to be here
somewhere.